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　　人工翻譯主要是通過人工的方式將一種語言轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種語言的行為，下面尚語證件翻譯公司給大家分享人工翻譯的分類有什么?

　　Artificial translation is mainly the act of transforming one language into another through artificial means. What is the classification of artificial translation shared by Shangyu certificate translation company?

　　1、根據(jù)翻譯者翻譯時(shí)所采取的文化姿態(tài),分為歸化翻譯和異化翻譯。歸化翻譯是指把在原語文化語境中自然適宜的成分翻譯成為在譯入語言文化語境中自然適宜的成分,使得譯入讀者能夠立即理解,即意譯。而異化翻譯是直接按照原語文化語境的適宜性翻譯,即直譯。

　　1. According to the cultural attitudes adopted by translators, they can be divided into domesticated translation and foreignized translation. Domestication translation refers to translating the naturally appropriate elements in the original cultural context into the naturally appropriate elements in the translated linguistic and cultural context, so that the translated readers can understand it immediately, that is, free translation. Foreignization translation is directly based on the suitability of the original cultural context, that is, literal translation.

　　2、根據(jù)翻譯作品在譯入語言文化中所預(yù)期的作用,分為工具性翻譯和文獻(xiàn)性的翻譯。

　　2. According to the expected function of the translated works in the translated language and culture, it can be divided into instrumental translation and documentary translation.

　　3、根據(jù)翻譯所涉及的語言的形式與意義。分為語義翻譯和交際翻譯。語義翻譯在譯入語語義和句法結(jié)構(gòu)允許的條件下,盡可能準(zhǔn)確再現(xiàn)原作上的意義,交際翻譯追求譯文讀者產(chǎn)生的效果盡量等同于原作對原文讀者產(chǎn)生的效果。

　　3. According to the form and meaning of the language involved in translation. It can be divided into semantic translation and communicative translation. Semantic translation can reproduce the meaning of the original as accurately as possible under the condition that the semantics and syntactic structure of the target language allow. Communicative translation pursues that the effect produced by the target readers is the same as that produced by the original readers.

　　4、根據(jù)譯者對原文和譯文進(jìn)行比較與觀察的角度,分為文學(xué)翻譯和語言學(xué)翻譯。文學(xué)翻譯尋求譯文與原文之間文學(xué)功能的對等,其理論往往主張?jiān)诓豢赡軓?fù)制原文文學(xué)表現(xiàn)手法的情況下,譯文只能更美而不能遜色,缺點(diǎn)是不重視語言結(jié)構(gòu)之間的比較和關(guān)系問題。語言學(xué)翻譯尋求兩者之間的系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律,主張把語言學(xué)研究的成果用于翻譯,同時(shí)通過翻譯實(shí)踐促進(jìn)語言學(xué)的發(fā)展。

　　4. According to the translator's comparison and observation of the original text and translation, it can be divided into literary translation and linguistic translation. Literary translation seeks the equivalence of literary functions between the translated text and the original text. Its theory often advocates that the translated text can only be more beautiful but not inferior when it is impossible to copy the literary expression of the original text. The disadvantage is that it does not pay attention to the comparison and relationship between language structures. Linguistic translation seeks the rule of systematic transformation between the two, advocates the application of linguistic research results in translation, and promotes the development of linguistics through translation practice.

　　5、根據(jù)翻譯目的與原語在語言形式上的關(guān)系,分為直譯與意譯。

　　5. According to the relationship between the translation purpose and the original language, it can be divided into literal translation and free translation.

　　6、根據(jù)翻譯媒介分為口譯、筆譯、視譯、同聲傳譯等。

　　6. According to the translation media, it can be divided into interpretation, translation, visual translation, simultaneous interpretation, etc.